The Role of Adult Education in Womens Empowerment

National Report on the Development and State of the Art of Adult Learning and Education in Botswana Ministry of Education and Skills Development 2008 1 FOREWORD Honourable Jacob D. Nkate Minister of Education and Skills Development The Fifth International Conference on Adult Learning and Education (CONFINTEA V) has motivated the nation of Botswana to accelerate its effort in the provision of adult learning and education. That kind of action was necessary because we firmly believe that we must provide the best education for all the people of Botswana. The Government of Botswana did so by embarking upon policy reforms and by purposely reviewing actions and strategies aimed at meeting the goals set out in the two documents that were the†¦show more content†¦6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ 10 GENERAL OVERVIEW: THE BOTSWANA CONTEXT ........................................................................... 17 1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... ........................ 17 1.2 Botswana Context ........................................................................................................................ 17 1.2.1. Economic Situation........................................................................................................................ 18 1.2.2. Employment and Unemployment in Botswana................................................................................ 18 1.2.3 Poverty in Botswana..................................................................................................................... 19 1.2.4 Language policy in Botswana........................................................................................................ 19 1.2.5 Gender, Education and Learning................................................................................................... 20 SECTION IIShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Economic Development As Measured Through Levels1485 Words   |  6 Pageschange the level of inequality such as education, culture, religion, democratization of countries, years of independence, and most importantly, economic development. (Dollar Gatti, 1999). 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The Canadian Health Care System - 2167 Words

The Canadian health care system is funded majorly by the public, with very few private donations. Over the past few decades acts of large-scale philanthropy by wealthy private donors have started to increase, due to the investments in social programs and infrastructure from the government declining. Without the aid of private donors and large sources of income from outside of the public (government) the infrastructure of all hospitals, clinics, and the totality of western healthcare systems would collapse and ultimately fail as the system is set up presently. There is an opportunity of keeping a healthy and happy society sustained by public funds, as long as the government is able to step up and provide the healthcare system with enough funds, making the donations from philanthropists an excess instead of a necessity. Debt is a burden that is implemented by those who own it. Debt is the punishment for any group or person that dedicates their work to only helping those in need. Debt can only be lifted by those with enough money. An employer helps an employee s debt in exchange for work, a student s debt is alleviated if the University grants a scholarship, a bank receiving a bailout from the government ; or a person/group giving money, donating money to something or someone else. The only way that there is no cost to the receiver, is if the money were given. Workers must work for there money, a student must succeed in school, and a donation must be to a certain thing andShow MoreRelatedThe Canadian Health Care System1111 Words   |  5 PagesThe Canadian health care system is often touted as a better health care system compared to the way the United States administers health care since the two neighboring nations appear to be economically and socially similar. The U. S. and Canada have extensive h ealth care systems for it citizens but each country has different methods to financing health care. 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Morally chaotic world In King Lear Free Essays

Shakespeare presents a variety of ways in which moral chaos is brought about, including the disruption of the natural order and the characters possession of typically corrupted morals, even going as far as questioning the morals of his own society. However, having different principles in a modern audience, we tend to have different interpretations of ‘moral chaos’ to that of a contemporary audience. In king Lear, Shakespeare arguably does create a ‘morally chaotic world’, particularly trough the notion of the ‘natural order’ being disrupted. We will write a custom essay sample on Morally chaotic world In King Lear or any similar topic only for you Order Now The betrayal of the children against their fathers illustrates a significant disruption of nature, as it was considered natural and necessary for children to have unfaltering obedience for their parents, particularly their fathers. When Cordelia publicly refuses to obey her father’s wishes, she goes against the true qualities of a 17th century daughter in the natural order and it is arguably this initial rebellion that causes the suffering and tragedy throughout the rest of the play. According to feminist critics, Cordelia’s refusal to flatter Lear can be interpreted as an opposition to Lear’s authority and thus a direct challenge to the natural patriarchal order of the seventeenth century, the short emphatic sentence ‘Nothing’ stressing this assertiveness. We also see this betrayal of the father in the character of Edmund. By claiming ‘’I find it not fit for your o’er looking’’, not only does Edmund feign innocence, but he also portrays himself with overt concern for his father, reinforcing his false virtue. Edmund’s initial silence makes his soliloquy in the next scene in which he exclaims ‘’Legitimate, Edgar. I must have your land’’ exciting and surprising to the audience. The audience is privy to the Edmund’s scheming which creates a sense of dramatic irony, however in most productions; the Machiavellian Edmund is played as a ‘suavely intelligent, rather dashing figure’, creating a paradox as he is clearly evil yet alluring to the audience at the same time. Illegitimates were problematic for the rigid early modern social structure and were viewed as ‘extras’ that society struggled to accommodate. Therefore to a contemporary audience, the poor treatment of Edmund would come as no surprise; however a modern audience would interpret such extreme views on illegitimacy as immoral. As modern critic Foakes comments, â€Å"Edmund is the most dangerous and treacherous of the characters. Yet, he begins from a cause that we cannot identify as unjust†, illustrating how to a modern audience, Shakespeare does create a morally chaotic world through the poor treatment of Edmund, as the seventeenth century societal norms are so foreign from that of ours. Lear’s abdication can also be viewed as morally chaotic, as it was strongly believed in Jacobean society that Kings were chosen by divine right. In Lear’s pledge to ‘’express our darker purpose’’ the use of the adjective ‘darker’ to describe his actions illustrates the unnatural nature of such a decision. In Jacobean society, a king was an agent of God, and so it was seen as God’s responsibility to decide when his reign should end. A king’s handing power down the throne was against the divine order, and it was believed that Satan, through various evil spirits, was responsible for all attacks on the divine order. In Macbeth, a similar play, when King Duncan is murdered, the natural order is breached and chaos ensues: the day becomes as dark as night, Duncan’s horses turn wild and eat each other and a civil war breaks out. From a New Historicist stance, critics such as Tennenhouse argue that Shakespeare illustrates what happens when there is a ‘catastrophic redistribution of power’, therefore promoting the oppressive structures of the patriarchal hierarchy. However, other critics suggest that the tragedies occur because of society’s already ‘faulty ideological structure’, particularly emphasised in the David Farr production through the skewed girders, broken windows, sizzling strip-lighting and the eventual collapse of the flimsy kingdom walls. Moreover, Shakespeare appears to be presenting a morally chaotic world through the way in which the characters can be seen as possessing seen corrupted morals, motivated purely by materialism as opposed to moralistic values. We see this in the elegant and superficial speeches of Gonerill and Regan who claim to love Lear ‘Dearer than eyesight’, the hyperbole in these statements highlighting their manipulative nature and greed for worldly goods. Their actions throughout the rest of the play prove the fabrication of these initial promises. Johnson comments that King Lear is a play in which the ‘Wicked prosper and virtuous miscarry’. I find this view accurate as the audience can witness how the Machiavellian characters such as Gonerill and Regan are rewarded for their materialism, and given total rights over the kingdom, whereas the virtuous characters such as Cordelia and Kent are punished for their honesty and moralistic values, consequently demonstrating a world of chaotic morals. Lear himself is presented as morally ambivalent, similar to Claudius in Hamlet, initially valuing riches and reputation, which were the very things that fuelled his disillusionment and moral blindness. The love test he uses to bribe his daughters with ‘the largest bounty’ can be seen as an obvious attempt to buy their love and consequently boost his self-image. His rash reaction to Cordelia’s refusal to perform, pledging to ‘disclaim all paternal care’ illustrates how his hubris stops him from being able to differentiate between his honest daughter and his deceitful daughters. It also demonstrates the way in which the antagonists exploit the hamartia of the protagonist, heightening the tragic nature of the play. However, towards the end of the play, Lear’s character undergoes anagnorisis and so he comes to possess more virtuous principles. In Act 3, for the first time he recognises the plight of the ‘Poor naked wretches’ that are forced to ‘bide the pelting of [the]pitiless storm’, the alliteration in ‘pitiless’ and ‘pelting’ demonstrating the extreme suffering endured by those in poverty. Through Shakespeare’s emotive lexis, Lear is presented as regretful, empathetic, and compassionate, which directly contrasts with his initial selfishness and fixation with worldly things, and it is this contrast that presents a sense of moral confusion. On the other hand, through employing moral characters that remain virtuous throughout the play, Shakespeare doesn’t present a completely morally chaotic world. Cordelia’s character is the personification of virtue and morality, creating a direct juxtaposition with the immoral, Machiavellian characters such as Gonerill and Regan. When required to bargain her love for rights over the kingdom, she comments â€Å"I cannot heave my heart into my mouth†, portraying her honest nature. The idiom â€Å"heart in your mouth†, which suggests nervousness or fear, demonstrates that Cordelia does not see any reason to fear losing the land, emphasising her lack of materialism and strong moral compass. Expanding on this, Lear later describes her tears as â€Å"The holy water from her heavenly eyes†, the alliteration of ‘holy’ and ‘heavenly’ stressing her virtue and linking her to the Gods. Foakes comments â€Å"The optimistic thrust of Edgar’s moralizing hints at the possibility of a happy ending. ’’ The play concludes with the moralistic character Edgar reigning over England, and although good characters such as Cordelia die, (which wasn’t received well by Shakespeare’s original audience), evil is ultimately eradicated whilst good triumphs. By the end of the play, Evil can even be seen to be eradicated by evil itself. Gonerill poisons Regan, and mentions in an aside after Regan feels the effects â€Å"If not I’ll ne’er trust medicine†, the secretive nature of this aside presenting her murderous and calculating nature. Shortly after, she commits suicide, which would have been seen as a great act of sin by a Jacobean audience, but ultimately evil defeats itself, evoking a rebalancing of morals and a move back towards the natural order. The play clearly descends from the embodied values of medieval morality plays, which was a popular form of drama in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. These plays present a direct conflict between good and evil, and ultimately the evil and chaos must be destroyed, and a moral lesson is learned. Overall, there are many aspects of King Lear that evoke a seeming moral chaos, however by the end of the play, as in all morality plays, the chaos is removed and moral order is restored, resulting in catharsis for the audience. How to cite Morally chaotic world In King Lear, Papers

Lucas V South Essay Research Paper Lucas free essay sample

Lucas V. South Essay, Research Paper Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council Charles Adams Problem: David H. Lucas purchased two beach front tonss on Isle of Palms in Charleston county in 1986 for 900,000 with purpose to subsequently construct one individual household place on each batch. The undermentioned twelvemonth when South Carolina conducted a study of the seashore line the rustlings showed that the beaches of South Carolina were critically gnawing. Due to the rustlings of the study South Carolina issued the Beachfront Management Act ( BMA ) . The act placed restraints on the use of land along the seashore line, and because the edifice line was moved inward Lucas # 8217 ; tonss were affected with no exclusions provided. When he bought those tonss the twelvemonth before that peculiar zone was non required to hold a license to construct. When Lucas went to construct the proper licenses were non given due to the BMA, and his tonss were deemed 95 % worthless. We will write a custom essay sample on Lucas V South Essay Research Paper Lucas or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Torahs: The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 Passed in order to protect the state coastline from eroding. The South Carolina Coastal Zone Management Act of 1977 Passed in order to protect the shoreline from eroding, preserve the beach and dune systems, and forestall farther coastal harm. And said that before building could take topographic point in any designated, environmentally sensitive # 8220 ; critical country # 8221 ; an proprietor had to obtain permission from the South Carolina Coastal Council. The South Carolina Beachfront Management Act of 1988 Passed to further implement the South Carolina Coastal Zone Management Act of 1977, and widen the # 8220 ; critical country # 8221 ; farther inland. Case: Lucas submitted his suit to the South Carolina tribunal of Common Pleas, and sued, avering that the Beachfront Management Act of 1988 had effected a pickings of the value of his belongings without merely compensation. The tribunal agreed that Lucas had suffered a entire loss of the value of his belongings and concluded that regulative taking had occurred. On entreaty, the South Carolina Supreme Court revised the determination, on the evidences that the BMA had been passed to forestall serious injury to the populace. Lucas petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court to reexamine the instance and the Court sided with Lucas stating that the Beachfront Management Act of 1988 had non been designed to profit the province in obtaining land for public usage, but was to forestall injury to the populace. The Court ruled that Lucas suffered a pickings, and that his belongings was rendered valueless by South Carolina statue and that he was entitled to merely compensation as stated in the fifth and 1 4 diamonds of our Fundamental law. Significance: Although the South Carolina Supreme Court decided that province ordinances were designed to forestall serious public injury, the U.S. Supreme Court held that when a belongings proprietor suffered a pickings, there were no exclusions from common regulation ( the Takings Clause and the merely Compensation Clause ) . Furthermore, when the province of South Carolina amended its original legislative act by including commissariats that might allow limited building, the U.S. Supreme Court held that belongings proprietors must still be compensated. Even when statute law subsequently renders the initial act less restrictive, belongings proprietors still suffer from the original effects of a pickings, therefore, merely compensation must be rende ruddy. ( Mikula 518 ) Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council Charles Adams Problem: David H. Lucas purchased two beach front tonss on Isle of Palms in Charleston county in 1986 for 900,000 with purpose to subsequently construct one individual household place on each batch. The undermentioned twelvemonth when South Carolina conducted a study of the seashore line the rustlings showed that the beaches of South Carolina were critically gnawing. Due to the rustlings of the study South Carolina issued the Beachfront Management Act ( BMA ) . The act placed restraints on the use of land along the seashore line, and because the edifice line was moved inward Lucas # 8217 ; tonss were affected with no exclusions provided. When he bought those tonss the twelvemonth before that peculiar zone was non required to hold a license to construct. When Lucas went to construct the proper licenses were non given due to the BMA, and his tonss were deemed 95 % worthless. Torahs: The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 Passed in order to protect the state coastline from eroding. The South Carolina Coastal Zone Management Act of 1977 Passed in order to protect the shoreline from eroding, preserve the beach and dune systems, and forestall farther coastal harm. And said that before building could take topographic point in any designated, environmentally sensitive # 8220 ; critical country # 8221 ; an proprietor had to obtain permission from the South Carolina Coastal Council. The South Carolina Beachfront Management Act of 1988 Passed to further implement the South Carolina Coastal Zone Management Act of 1977, and widen the # 8220 ; critical country # 8221 ; farther inland. Case: Lucas submitted his suit to the South Carolina tribunal of Common Pleas, and sued, avering that the Beachfront Management Act of 1988 had effected a pickings of the value of his belongings without merely compensation. The tribunal agreed that Lucas had suffered a entire loss of the value of his belongings and concluded that regulative taking had occurred. On entreaty, the South Carolina Supreme Court revised the determination, on the evidences that the BMA had been passed to forestall serious injury to the populace. Lucas petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court to reexamine the instance and the Court sided with Lucas stating that the Beachfront Management Act of 1988 had non been designed to profit the province in obtaining land for public usage, but was to forestall injury to the populace. The Court ruled that Lucas suffered a pickings, and that his belongings was rendered valueless by South Carolina statue and that he was entitled to merely compensation as stated in the fifth and 1 4 diamonds of our Fundamental law. Significance: Although the South Carolina Supreme Court decided that province ordinances were designed to forestall serious public injury, the U.S. Supreme Court held that when a belongings proprietor suffered a pickings, there were no exclusions from common regulation ( the Takings Clause and the merely Compensation Clause ) . Furthermore, when the province of South Carolina amended its original legislative act by including commissariats that might allow limited building, the U.S. Supreme Court held that belongings proprietors must still be compensated. Even when statute law subsequently renders the initial act less restrictive, belongings proprietors still suffer from the original effects of a pickings, therefore, merely compensation must be rendered. ( Mikula 518 )

Houston Texas School

Introduction The changing education demands have attracted the need to revisit the existing standards of professional practice in counseling at the HISD- Houston Texas School. A new approach that reflects the best practice in an understandable way is needed to respond to the current issues that tamper with students’ wellbeing. According to Hatch and Chen-Hayes, the current research indicates that quality-counseling programs can have lasting effects on a student’s welfare (38).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Houston Texas School specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They can also protect a student from embarking on drug abuse and violence. Quality school counseling can improve students’ performance both within and outside the classroom setting. However, this article suggests a needs-based model that focuses on the challenges that learners encounter in schools today. Therefore, this paper will act as a guide to the administrators at HISD- Houston Texas School. It offers ways of improving the school’s counseling program. The School’s Counseling Program The school’s counseling approach should be based on the developmental model that rests on the premise that all students develop in a sequential way towards self-actualization and self-advancement (Barna and Brott 100). The developmental approach is anchored on the belief that students pass through general phases of academic, career, and social enhancement. Therefore, school counseling models should be designed to cater for such demands. Interventions to improve the School’s Counseling Program The intervention measures offer the medium upon which school counselors steer the healthy content of the school counseling approach. The initial response should involve the school’s counseling curriculum. The prospectus offers enhancement and organized lessons and activities in the class setting to ev aluate and address students’ growth in terms of academic performance, career, and social realms (Bostick and Anderson 430). The personal student planning intervention approach forms the second stage. This approach entails activities that aim at helping each learner to build and evaluate his or her academic, career, and personal objectives. Personal planning helps students evaluate various aspects such as educational pathways through the assistance of a professional counselor. Counselors at this stage act as personal advisors to the students. They make appraisals to gauge the students’ development. The counselors come up with a general guide that supports fundamental skills for self-actualization, career choice, personal planning, and independent judgment. The third stage is the response service that ensures that students have access to information and advice whenever necessary. School counselors should develop interventions to address students’ challenges that n ot only result in poor performance but also hinder career and social growth (Young and Kaffenberger 69). Counselors should discover impediments to intellectual progress and realize the obstacles that learners encounter every day.Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, they should supplement students’ effort to eradicate the obstacles via individual or group counseling. The fourth intervention should encourage cooperation within and outside the school fraternity. This approach should attempt to bring together the students, counselors, parents, teachers, and community agencies to alleviate challenges that hinder academic, professional, and social growth. Strengths and Weaknesses Appropriate school counseling program has various benefits to the students, teachers, parents, and the entire community. The main strength is the improvement of functional communication among the members of the school fraternity. Counselors have a good understanding about the students. Thus, they provide good leadership and support for student needs. Counselors help to come up with a flexible curriculum that accommodates the needs of all learners. First-class counseling services help in facilitating student self-awareness and academic improvement (Pyne 91). Good counseling supports the growth of skills to bolster students’ success. Additionally, students build skills in socializing with others within and outside the institution. On the other hand, even as the benefits of needs-based programs such as ASCA are gaining recognition, the implementation process is slow. Counselors’ attitudes are hard to change. The increased consultation due to school bureaucracies slows the process, hence compromising the quality of the output (Pyne 89). Collaborative-Consultative Model Collaborative model is a consultation style that is more popular among counselors and students t oday (Ametrano 156). In the collaborative style, the counselor works with other experts as partners to build a comprehensive understanding about the student. The counselor focuses on creating rapport with an identified student. In the collaborative form, the school counselor may involve the parents or other members of the school fraternity as co-experts in establishing factors that may be barriers to academic, career, and personal growth. Most students prefer this model because they feel part of the process since they are involved in the decision-making process. Campus Need and Intervention Academic success is one of the main needs for students. Academic challenges such as poor performance might lead to stress, frustration, low self-esteem, and insecurity regarding one’s capability to prosper in school. In an effort to address this issue, the school counseling program needs a multi-layered approach, including three tiers of intervention, to help the students. At the first tie r, the intervention is universal in nature.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Houston Texas School specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The intervention procedures are intended to offer learning for all students. This tier presumes that students will adopt these styles and that they will not need special interventions (Pyne 89). The second tier is seen as advanced prevention that targets students who are identified as vulnerable to learning difficulties. For example, when student assessment reveals that some learners are more likely to develop reading difficulties, the counselor might introduce supplemental reading aid. The third tier involves special concerns to address the demands of a smaller portion of students who are going through problems. For instance, at tier 3, a student’s writing performance might fall substantially below that of his or her fellow students, regardless of the intervention. Such s tudent requires increased writing support from the teacher, including regular checks on his or her progress. Goals of the Program and Implementation The school counseling program should aim at assisting students to realize their potential towards healthy growth based on academic, career, personal, and social growth. Academic advancement should entail gaining skills, knowledge, and attributes that foster effective practices in school. Besides, such skills help students to attain skills and models to achieve success and understanding of the world outside school. Academic goals advance the idea that students should attain or surpass the community and national expectations. Career development goals help the school counseling body to establish the basis for the attainment of skills, knowledge, and attributes that help students to have a smooth transition from learning institution to the employment sector (Hatch and Chen-Hayes 40). Career development plans enable students to build career objectives through their involvement in a detailed program of career sensitization. Personal and social advancement goals help the school counseling body in offering the basis for individual and social development as learners move from the school setting to seek employment (Young and Kaffenberger 72). Social growth adds to academic and career success by ensuring that learners appreciate themselves and other colleagues. Additionally, through social development, students acquire effective communication and interpersonal skills and that they grow to be useful members of the society. Therefore, the administration has the role of ensuring that the recruited counselors are capable of uplifting the general welfare of students. Evaluation Evaluation is a crucial aspect of a counseling program to enhance accountability. Evaluation assists in identifying the value of the approach, its progress, and participants to facilitate the decision-making process. An evaluation method should seek to det ermine the magnitude of the changes generated because of counseling programs (Young and Kaffenberger 73).Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The program should meet the expected standards where the progress will be reflected in students’ performance. The evaluation method should also investigate if the students have increased competence in all developmental areas. Lastly, the evaluation method should study how effective the counselors appear when performing their roles.. Conclusion Counseling should be more preventive and developmental in addressing the educational, career, and social needs of a student. Even though counselors and the school fraternity acknowledge the essence of a needs-based model, they realize that the implementation is hard and that it needs cooperation from all stakeholders. This dynamic is due to the socio-economic and political aspects that keep on reshaping the school counselors’ role. However, as HISD Houston Texas program changes to reflect the philosophy of a needs-based ASCA program, counselors will be in a position to achieve the social, career, and academic demands of all stude nts. Works Cited Ametrano, Irene. â€Å"Teaching Ethical Decision Making: Helping Students Reconcile Personal And Professional Values†. Journal of Counseling Development 92.2 (2014): 154-161. Print. Barna, Jennifer, and Pamelia Brott. â€Å"Making the Grade: The Importance of Academic Enablers in the Elementary School Counseling Program†. Professional School Counseling 17.1 (2013): 97-110. Print. Bostick, Dee, and Ron Anderson. â€Å"Evaluating A Small-Group Counseling Program—A Model for Program Planning and Improvement in the Elementary Setting†. Professional School Counseling 12.6 (2009): 428-433. Web. Hatch, Trish, and Stuart Chen-Hayes. â€Å"School Counselor Beliefs about ASCA National Model School Counseling Program Components Using the SCPCS†. Professional School Counseling 12.1 (2008): 34-42. Print. Pyne, Jaymes. â€Å"Comprehensive School Counseling Programs, Job Satisfaction, and the ASCA National Model†. Professional School Coun seling 15.2 (2011): 88-97. Print. Young, Anita, and Carol Kaffenberger.†The Beliefs And Practices Of School Counselors Who Use Data To Implement Comprehensive School Counseling Programs†. Professional School Counseling 15.2 (2011): 67-76. Print. This assessment on Houston Texas School was written and submitted by user Er1ck to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay on Summative Week 2 Part B

Essay on Summative Week 2 Part B Essay on Summative Week 2 Part B Executive Summary One of the key decisions you'll make when starting a business is which legal structure to use. Because it's such an important decision, you should get advice from a qualified independent business, financial or legal advisor. A business name is simply a name or title under which a person, or other legal entity, trades. It not only identifies you to your customers, but also allows you to differentiate yourself from your competitors and enables your customers to make an emotional connection to your business and brand. For many businesses, the name is often the most valuable asset. Decisions made by Business Structures and Business Name also directly impact within the financial advisory services firm which provides advisory service on various types of accounting and business compliance and management issues. Introduction This report will contain information related to legal requirements to setup the Business Structures also advantages and disadvantages of each business structures in Australian. The process of registering a Business Name in NSW for presentation to the client also provided to the relevant section of various legislation and common law. Main Contents 1. Business Structures you choose will depend on the size and type of business, along with your personal circumstances and how much you want to grow the business. Keep in mind that if you need to, you can change your business structure later on if you find that a new structure will meet your needs better. 1. Public companies Legal Requirements Profit/asset test Shareholder spread Certain constitutional and corporate governance requirements Prospectus for the capital raising, a minimum issue price of $0.20 Advantages There is limited liability for the shareholders The business has separate legal entity. These businesses can raise large capital sum as there is no limit to the number of shareholders. Disadvantages There are lot of legal formalities required for forming a public limited company it is costly and time consuming The original owners may lose control Public Limited companies are huge in size and may face management problems such as slow decision making and industrial relations problems. 2. Private companies Legal Requirements Deciding if a company structure is right for you Choosing a company name Deciding how to operate your company Understanding your legal obligations as an officeholder Getting the consent of those involved in your company Registering your company, and Understanding your legal obligations regarding your company name, Australian Company Number (ACN) and Australian Business Number (ABN). Advantages Your liability for the company’s debts is limited, although this protection can be destroyed by creditors, including financiers, calling for guarantees from company directors It’s easy to transfer ownership by selling shares to another party Shareholders (often family members) can be employed by the company Taxation rates can be more favourable You’ll have access to a wider capital and skills base. Disadvantages The company can be expensive to establish and maintain You are required to provide annual and other returns to the Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC) Your financial affairs are public Directors’ activities are scrutinised by ASIC It can be costly to wind up the business. 3. Trusts Legal Requirements Written trust agreement Business name registration Registering for an ABN number with an Australian address Advantages Limited liability is possible if a corporate trustee is appointed The structure provides more privacy than a company There can be flexibility in distributions among beneficiaries Disadvantages The structure is complex The Trust can be expensive to establish and maintain Problems can be encountered when borrowing due to additional complexities of loan structures 4. Partnerships Legal Requirements Written agreement Business name registration Registering for an ABN number with an

Aggregated demand Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Aggregated demand - Research Paper Example From time back, suburban and new cars have made the economy powerful and pushed recoveries. In contrary, Millennial have no interest in the two. The same way sale of cars have dropped in this age cohort, young people’s share on mortgages from the year 2009 to 2011 has dropped to half of what was 10 years back. Majority of the generation of America might never consume compared to the lavish spending of their parents. At the time Zip car was formed, a gallon average price was 1.5 dollars and I phones never existed. From then, it has been the largest car sharing firm in the world. Zip car bases its success on two factors. The first being the doubling of gas prices that made the sharing attractive. Secondly, smart phones became present everywhere that made the sharing of cars easy. Besides, the mobile market has given power compared to car sharing. It has enabled friends to communicate from a distance. This could result to shifting from automobiles to mobiles and s decline in spen ding habits. Millennials are sharing most things such as living quarters. Most of the millennials lived with their parents due to the great recession (Cam Marston, pp 85) The society where people owned houses has been replaced by squatters and renters. As much as most millennials may want to have their own houses they have been faced with challenges like low savings due to low pays and tough conditions of banks. The debt of students trail most buyers as they look for car loans or mortgages. At minimum individual ownership of houses rates are not likely to return to peaks that they hit at the time of housing bubbles. In 10 years, most people consisting mainly of millennials will pull together to make new households. As a whole living aside urban sensibility, small houses and townhouses are cheap, and developers have in mind that in order to attract this group, they need to provide for bank accounts that are in tatters. The kinds of property the millennials buy now differ from what wa s purchased five years back. The houses are placed within the perimeter of shopping centers. Such buyers require shares of zip cars and bikes. In short in future, the buyers may require cars and houses that are small and cheaper that is specifically meant for the new economy. If millennials do not post own and post drive generation, they will be less owning and less driving generation. The situation would lead to tough adjustments of the economy in the near future. In the past decades, the industry of houses has always solved the problems of recession. At the time the federal dropped the interest rates at the time of recession in the 1980s, it aided fuel the recovery of Regan (Eugene et al. pp 2) As the housing market declined, the government has lost the main means of manipulating the economy by reduced interest rates. Instead, the service recovery that is there is not strong. The small houses that are constructed in mixed used, dense areas in general take long to construct than ma nsions in other places. And because the small houses require few furnishings and fixtures, their building stimulates less activity in the economy. To add to that, both auto making and construction are basically blue collar jobs. These sectors employ many middle class employees that would be hurt through changing from auto manufacturing and home construction. Companies that deal in internet connection of high speed and personal electronics do not require many employees. Moreover, the jobs that they create skew steadily towards the peak of socioeconomic ladder. On the other hand, in the long term or long run, there is cause for sanguinity. There

Prepare a brief project about Art Exhibition Essay

Prepare a brief project about Art Exhibition - Essay Example The exhibition includes iconography and distinctive style, and the breadth of its impact on the a thousand years in which the first cities in the world have turned into the first states and kingdoms of the world (Cookson 2007).The unity of mankind is impressive by the fact that similar features recur over the world is evident by religion, thought forms, tools and social forms. The simplicity of the man is great despite its diversity (Bliss 2008). Or just by observing the common component, however, is divergent clear. In the story, which is invaluable and irreplaceable comes to light in unique creations; breakthroughs and achievements. These creative steps are as revelations of a country other than the simple course of event source. They laid the foundation of humanity to come next. The Greek historian Herodotus wrote in the sixth century BC was amazed fertility of Babylon, the richest granary of the country in the world, and huge crops of wheat, millet and sesame, the size. Grown This incredible landscape in the third millennium BC Sumer and Accad, and after the city of Babylon name is later known, covering the southern part of a diverse landscape, which is mentioned later in the Greek sources Mesopotamia, or "land between the rivers", the Euphrates and Tigris (Bliss 2008). It comprises the eastern end of the Fertile Crescent of popular literature. However, the fertility of Mesopotamia is not the natural state of the alluvial plain south, where the first towns founded. On the contrary, the generosity of Herodotus praised the work of people who irrigation in agriculture, an unfavorable climate with unpredictable rainfall and damaging floods. It is invented to overcome a pattern that is expressed by Sumerian literature. A project organization is a structure that facilitates the coordination and the implementation of Project activities. Its main task is the creation promotes an environment those interactions between team members with minimal

Strategic Management of Human Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic Management of Human Resources - Essay Example Therefore, the VEG should embrace strategic plans in ensuring active sharing of knowledge with and impacting skills of their members, in addition to aligning all members with a single objective in enhancing understanding and learning towards meeting its overall objectives. One of the most critical aspects that the VEG suffers from is lack of clear leadership that could set a clear strategy and objectives for the group. As observed, VEG has no business strategy that ties all the volunteers and the community together, and lacks a focus with which such strategy has to be aligned. This might suggest that every member contributes out of his/her own will with no clear strategy in making the contributions. Karamai, Jones and Kakabadse (2008) observed that development and implementation of well created business strategies led to improved effectiveness in firms and the industry as a whole. This could imply that organisations that design their strategic plans and operations towards a streamlined course of action achieve greater effectiveness in their operations. Therefore, as the HRM theory postulates, VEG has to ensure competent staff and a strategic human resource management body, which, alongside a strong strategic business planning, would guide the VEG towa rds achieving competitiveness and the set objectives (Fox, 2013). The HRM theory implies that human resource management has to design strong strategic plans that guide members in a common path towards attaining the specified goals. In this case, while corporate governance by itself may not guarantee a competitive advantage, failure to exercise the right governance may lead to failure of allocating the resources concerned in the right way (Barney, Wright & Ketchen, 2001). To ensure value to volunteers and encourage contributions, Aiekn et al. (2011) noted that the Localism Bill of 2007 entrusted communal based entities with more power to buy, develop and control assets. This could

The oldest forms of energy

The oldest forms of energy 1 Introduction: Solar Energy Solar energy is one of the oldest forms of energy on the planet. Rays emitted from the sun are responsible for sustaining all life forms on the planet. Solar energy uses the sun as a source of heat by concentrating the heat via various methods and using those methods to channel through a heat engine and produce power. Because of this, solar thermal power generation is very much like traditional forms of power generation due to the combustion of fossil fuels, which also need the heat engines as a catalyst for the conversion into energy. It is always renewable and will never be exhausted as long as the planet and sun are present. However, the initial cost of startup for the heat engines is expensive, but over time the savings actually outweigh the initial startup fees, making this a significant choice in promoting a cleaner option for energy usage (SOLAR ENERGY n.d.). This is not a new technique. Although it is documented that the first patent for a solar collection device was given to Germany in 1907, the first real effort to actually use the sun as a heat source did not begin until the infamous oil crises of the 1970s. Even after the first plants were constructed in California during the 1980s, the funding for solar energy development dried up due to the fact cheaper methods could be found, although some of them might not be as environmentally friendly (Poullikkas 2009). Because of the global warming crisis issue during the past several years combined with insanely erratic oil and gas prices, this method of energy is now being revisited as a potential means to help meet the needs of the current energy crisis. There have recently been several proposed projects and there is a strong possibility that solar energy can finally become mainstream as a renewable energy resource, along with wind, water, and solar photovoltaic technologies (Poullikkas 2009). 2: Review of Article Andreas Poullikkas (2009) investigated the economic feasibility of the installation of a parabolic trough solar thermal system for energy generation throughout the Mediterranean region. In his article, Economic analysis of power generation from parabolic trough solar thermal plants for the Mediterranean region- A case study for the island of Cyprus, all variables concerning the potential for Cyprus, as well as all of the available data pertinent to renewable energy sources dealing with the policy of the Cyprus government were taken into account. A method of cost-analysis was used to show the differences between energy output with and without the solar plants and also to show the differences in carbon dioxide level output and fossil fuel emissions. The area of Cyprus was chosen as a research site due to the fact there are no hydrocarbon energy sources and it is almost one hundred percent dependent on imported fossil fuels. The solar energy in the area is used mostly for the heating of water. Current estimates show about 90% of the homes, 80% of the apartments, and 50% of the hotels have solar-water heating systems, thus causing Cyprus to actually be the first country in the world with the most installed solar collectors per person (Cyprus Institute of Energy 2009). In order to fully understand the rationale behind the study, we must understand the different types of solar energy available. There are two major markets for solar energy, the photovoltaic and the solar thermal. The solar thermal market actually uses the heat emitted from the sun to heat water or generate power. The photovoltaic market consists of solar cells which use the properties of different materials to change sunlight into electricity (Poullikkas 2009). The three forms of solar radiation systems currently available are parabolic trough systems, solar tower systems, and solar dish systems. For the purpose of this article, we will concentrate on the parabolic trough systems and the cost effectiveness of using the systems in the Cyprus area. When many of these parabolic troughs are lined together, it forms a power plant, which then is responsible for holding the heating fluid inside the pipes, moving it along the range of pipes into a generator to produce the electricity, which is the end product. The process continues in a cycle as long as there is solar power from which to collect the heating fluid to store inside the trough pipes. The significant drawback for this type of energy production is that the troughs are large in physical size and expensive, thus having an impact on the overall initial economics of the plant (Garcia-Rodrigueza and Blanco-Galvezb 2007). The most important consideration for a solar thermal power plant is the land mass required to hold all of the equipment for sufficient energy production. There is little evidence due to under usage of this solar technology to make an educated guess at the land space required for such a plant to be constructed (Poullikkas 2009). The requirements for the amount of land needed, as researchers currently estimate, depends on the amount of sunlight potential as well as the amount of integrated thermal storage. Current numbers figure a space of approximately 25m/kW if there is no thermal storage integration (Poullikkas 2009). Researchers also believe the electricity produced from a parabolic solar thermal power plan is dependent on the amount of sunlight as well as the number of hours the plant is in operation and the degree of thermal storage. The research conducted in this article shows a direct proportion in the increase of solar energy collection with an increase of the size and number of plant troughs. Therefore, the bigger the plant, the more electricity it will produce. After research was completed and figures were calculated via a parametric cost-benefit analysis, it was decided that, overall, the installation of a solar thermal system for the Mediterranean region would be profitable and economically feasible, but only under certain circumstances. Depending on the physical size of the plant, how much storage capacity is available, the initial startup cost, and the costs involved with purchasing land would all have to be factored in with each separate situation. Thus, there is no standard answer fo r the world (Poullikkas 2009). 3: What the Future Holds The best model of solar plant would include building based on the parabolic troughs, but beside a combined cycle power plant, which would be called an integrated solar combined cycle plant. This type of configuration would burn natural gas to produce electricity. The heat from the turbine exhaust would be fed into a heat boiler and would generate steam to drive the steam generator portion of the plant. Heat from solar energy being collected would be used to help supplement the heat from the turbine exhaust and would increase the output from the steam turbine section. There actually are plants being built in Morocco, Algeria and Egypt which rely on this integrated electrical technology to produce greater masses of electricity, yet decrease the emissions of fossil fuels and carbon dioxide output (Promotion and consolidation of all RTD activities for renewable distributed generation technologies in the Mediterranean region 2009). There are actually a minimal number of solar thermal power plans both under construction and already in operation around the world (Concentrating solar power for the Mediterranean region 2009). The Solar Electric Generating System, which contains nine solar power plants, is located in the Mohave Desert in California. The energy from solar power is utilized at night from the burning of natural gas, but about ninety percent of electricity from this plant is directly produced from the sun. Nevada Solar One is located in El Dorado Valley, Nevada, and is based on the parabolic trough technology discussed earlier in this article. There is a gas heater for back -up production in the case of solar energy not being sufficient to meet the demand. PS10 is based on solar tower technology and is located in Sanlucar de Mayor, Spain. It is the first solar tower plant to begin commercialization of electrical generation in the world (Concentrating solar power for the Mediterranean region 2009). Andasol 1 and Andasol 2 are solar thermal plants which are identical in physical appearance and operation. They are scheduled to begin operations soon and will be Europes first solar thermal parabolic trough power plants. Solnova 1 is also under construction and is located in Sanlucar de Mayor, Spain. It, too, is based upon the parabolic trough technology. There are other solar energy projects underway. In the field of photovoltaic research and development, new materials will be made and altered to further enhance the emission rays of the sunlight in order to get the most energy from solar light possible. It is speculated that a 10 x 15 mile area of desert land could actually provide citizens with over 20,000 megawatts of power. For this United States, this is a positive idea. It could potentially mean providing an area of 100 miles on each side of this desert with photovoltaic solar power. This would drastically cut emissions and harm to the environment (Solar History Timeline: The Future 2006). 4: Discussion Solar energy and other renewable resources are needed at this very moment in order to cut greenhouse emissions and help with the general health of the environment and its people. However, based on the above article, it seems there is much more research and investigation to do. The research done thus far has been positive for the most part, but cost analysis is a significant factor in the decision making process. Many smaller countries are not going to be able to afford the extra capital in order to help their corner of the Earth, even if they have all of the right conditions. It will be up to the world leaders of more developed countries such as Europe, the United States, and others, to help contribute to this globalisation process. Poullikkas article does indeed give the public a good representation of the various types of solar power systems available to us and how each would be effective under our own unique set of conditions. What the article seems to fall short on, though, is a definite answer. Apparently, at this point in time, there is not one. There are only ongoing research studies and various solar power models in different parts of the world demonstrating how the generation of electricity actually would benefit society in a cleaner and more productive way. Perhaps in the next decade research will have come much farther and there will be many other ways renewable resources could be used to meet the energy demands of our growing world. References Concentrating solar power for the Mediterranean region. 2009. http://www.desertec.org (accessed December 31, 2009). Cyprus Institute of Energy. 2009. http://www.cie.org.cy (accessed December 31, 2009). Garcia-Rodrigueza, L, and J Blanco-Galvezb. Solar-heated Rankine cycles for water and electricity production: POWERSOL project. Desalination, 2007: 311-319. Poullikkas, Andreas. Economic analysis of power generation from parabolic trough solar thermal plants for the Mediterranean Region- A case study for the island of Cyprus. Renewable and Sustanainable Energy Reviews, 2009: 2474-2484. Promotion and consolidation of all RTD activities for renewable distributed generation technologies in the Mediterranean region. 2009. http://www.distres.eu (accessed December 31, 2009). SOLAR ENERGY. http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/solar/solar.htm (accessed December 31, 2009). Solar History Timeline: The Future. January 5, 2006. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/solar_time_future.html (accessed December 31, 2009).

J. Robert Oppenheimer Essay -- biographies bio

â€Å"There must be no barriers to freedom of inquiry. There is no place for dogma in science. The scientist is free, and must be free to ask any question, to doubt any assertion, to seek for any evidence, to correct any errors. Our political life is also predicated on openness. We know that the only way to avoid error is to detect it and that the only way to detect it is to be free to inquire. And we know that as long as [we] are free to ask what [we] must, free to say what [we] think, free to think what [we] will, freedom can never be lost, and science can never regress.† J. Robert Oppenheimer A man who is almost synonymous with the development of the atomic bomb as well as with the conflicts between the desires of the government and the demands of the conscience, J. Robert Oppenheimer is one of the most influential physicists of our time. J. Robert Oppenheimer was born to a wealthy Jewish couple in New York in 1904. His father Julius Oppenheimer was a textile importer and his mother Ella Friedman was a painter. In his early years, he was interested in mineral collection and began to start sending letters to the New York Mineralogy Club. At age 12, the club asked him to present a paper unaware of his youth. He was successful in school, and his early education was done at the Ethical Culture School in New York until he graduated in 1921. After his high school education, a case of dysentery postponed his entrance into Harvard until 1922. He studied mostly math and science, showing a preference for chemistry saying that it was â€Å"at the heart of things.† He also showed a great affinity for learning languages and throughout his life he would pick up a language quickly in order to read a text in its original form. Finally,... ...ed privileges. It quickly degenerated into humiliation of Oppenheimer’s stance on the development of the H-bomb as â€Å"un-American.† He was attacked for being soft on Communism. He made little effort to defend himself, seemingly uncaring as to his own fate. In the end, the committee voted 4-1 against reinstating him, stating that he was a risk due to â€Å"fundamental defects in his character.† Oppenheimer returned to collegiate life, taking a post at Princeton. He spent most of the rest of his days in relative obscurity, publishing a series of articles on ethics and morality near the end of his life. He had seemed to lose his fire for scientific work with his denouncement. The scientific community was shocked and torn on what had happened to Oppenheimer, and he remains one of the most significant victims of McCarthyism. Oppenheimer succumbed to throat cancer in 1967.

Remember the Titans Essay

In the movie â€Å"Remember the Titans,† there were major racial difficulties between black and white students. This was during a time when the school had just been integrated to allow blacks into the school and the high school football team. These challenges helped the Titans grow as a team and made them more co-operative and successful. The difficulties of a multiracial team were overcome with the assistance of democratic and authoritarian coaching styles, motivational skills, self-fulfilling prophecy, and the perception of the athletes and coaches. Because of these actions, the Titans were able to defeat the challenges they were faced with as a team and come out superior. The authoritarian coaching style, demonstrated mostly by coach Boon, helped the team become more cohesive and strong. He believed in perfection, pushing his athletes to the limit, and being in control. During practices, if an athlete made a mistake they would have to run laps as a punishment. Sometimes during games, it seemed like all he cared about was winning. On one occasion, coach Yoast decided to show this style of coaching by getting angry at a referee for making unfair calls on their team. Authoritarian coaching styles encourage control but can be very effective when trying to coach a large team or complete tasks. Another coaching style, which the assistant coach Yoast tended to use, was democratic. He noticed that coach Boon was being extremely rough on the football players and told him that some athletes do not respond well to humiliation and put-downs. This shows that coach Yoast was concerned about the well-being of his athletes, not just their success. On the last game of the season, coach Boon decided to have a more democratic view of coaching. He told the team to â€Å"try their best† instead of demanding perfection. This is a friendlier approach but it seems that he has almost given up all hope of winning by saying what he did. Democratic coaching styles made the athletes feel useful and motivated to do their best, but sometimes they can encourage lower levels of aggression when used in the wrong way. The athletes, coaches and the team itself, helped motivate the Titans for games and practices. Coach Boon used threats and reprimands in an attempt to  get the athletes to get along with each other. This did not work effectively since the athletes did not like him very much, so they were not motivated to listen. Threats benefit the athletes when they trust and respect the coach. The coaches pumped-up the team before the game by prep-talking the athletes with lots of positive comments. The body language and optimism of the coaches motivated the team to try their hardest. The Titans performed a unique entrance and warm-up, in order to intimidate the opposing teams and to motivate them for the game. This also lowered the athletes’ levels of anxiety and helped them get to a good state of arousal. As you can see, all types of motivation are important when a team is trying to overcome a obstacle. A psychological key in team success or defeat is self-fulfilling prophecy. This occurs when a coach focuses on positive or negative aspects of an athlete and the athlete ends up believing it is the truth. A prime example of this was Petey; he was a learned helplessness athlete who did not respond well to negative remarks about himself. Coach Boon always picked on his weaknesses and put him down for not being perfect. Petey believed everything coach Boon said until coach Yoast took him aside, gave him positive compliments, and told him to play defense for him in a game. Petey ended up improving in his performance and felt better about himself afterwards. This shows that some athletes respond differently to certain actions and it affects the team’s co-cooperativeness. It is important to have many views on a situation to come up with the best answer. The perception of the athletes and coaches helped in the success and encouragement of the team. At football camp, in order to try to make the team members get along, coach Boon took the team to Gettysburg to teach them about the war between the blacks and whites. Instead of the threats and many long practices, this made the athletes realize that the situation was not worth being angry at each other and they began to work more cohesively as a team. When coach Boon looked at the situation in a different way, he came out with a desired result. Another example was both coaches used each of their views on game plays to come up with the master game plans. By working together and combining both perceptions, the game plans were deeply thought  out and worked well. Experimenting with alternative perceptions and helping others look at situations in other ways improved the team’s cohesiveness on and off the field. In conclusion, many factors work together to assist in overcoming challenges. These difficulties helped the Titans grow as a team and made them more co-operative and successful. In this case, democratic and authoritarian coaching styles, motivational skills, self-fulfilling prophecy, and the perception of the athletes and coaches helped to solve the racial conflicts of a high school football team. Not only did the problem get resolved, but the Titans were victorious in the end.

Cuánto ganan las enfermeras en Estados Unidos

Cunto ganan las enfermeras en Estados Unidos En Estados Unidos, enfermerà ­a es una de las profesiones mejor pagadas y con mayor demanda de profesionales. Los salarios varà ­an segà ºn la especialidad, titulacià ³n, lugar de trabajo, aà ±os trabajados e, incluso, lugar de desempeà ±o laboral. Esta este artà ­culo se informa sobre cunto ganan de media las enfermeras en Estados Unidos, segà ºn datos de Medscape, Nurse Salary, PayScale y el Bureau de Estadà ­sticas Oficiales y teniendo en cuenta las tres grandes categorà ­as en las que se divide esta profesià ³n: LPN/LVP, tambià ©n conocidas como enfermeras vocacionalesRN, por las siglas en inglà ©s de Enfermeras RegistradasNP, por siglas en inglà ©s de Enfermeras Practicantes Finalmente, se especifican quà © documentos legales son necesarios para trabajar en Estados Unidos y quà © tipos de visa se pueden obtener para trabajar en el campo de la enfermerà ­a. Cunto ganan las LPN/LVP en Estados Unidos Licensed Vocational Nurses (LVP, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) y Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) son el equivalente de lo que en muchos paà ­ses hispanohablantes se conoce como auxiliar de enfermerà ­a. Desde el punto de vista acadà ©mico, los LVN y LPN se caracterizan por no haber cursado estudios universitarios de licenciatura en este rubro, sin embargo, deben pasar el examen de que se conoce como NCLEX-PN para trabajar en cualquiera de los 50 estados de EE.UU., el Distrito de Columbia y los territorios de Guam, Samoa, Marianas e Islas Và ­rgenes Americanas. De hecho, es posible trabajar como LVP o LPN con sà ³lo cursado la high school –lo que en algunos paà ­ses se llama bachillerato, prepa o liceo–, y, adems, haber completado ciertos cursos tà ©cnicos. Pueden ocuparse de de curar heridas, baà ±ar y dar de comer a los enfermos, poner inyecciones y similares. En la actualidad, el salario medio anual de LVP y de LPN a tiempo completo es de $42.400 brutos, es decir, antes de descontar impuestos. Para los que trabajan a tiempo parcial el pago medio es de $20,30 por hora. Sin embargo, existen grandes diferencias segà ºn el tipo de trabajo que se realiza, conocimientos acadà ©micos adicionales, experiencia, etc. Entre los factores que determinan el salario se encuentra el lugar geogrfico en el que se trabaja. Asà ­, los estados en los que LVP y LPN comandan las mejores nà ³minas son Connecticut, Nevada y Alaska, con salarios anuales promedio superiores a $52.000 brutos. En el otro lado de la balanza se encuentran Virginia Occidental, Dakota del Sur y Alabama, donde los salarios son ms bajos para estos profesionales. Por regià ³n, el rea no metropolitana donde los salarios son ms altos en el rea del sureste de Alaska y el rea metropolitana con mejor salario es la conformada por San Francisco-San Mateo-Redwood, donde el salario bruto anual medio es de $60.550. En la actualidad hay ms de 718.000 LVP y LPN trabajando en Estados Unidos, siendo los estados de Texas, California, Nueva York, Florida y Ohio los que emplean un mayor nà ºmero. Salarios de Enfermeras Registradas (RN) en Estados Unidos La mayorà ­a de las enfermeras en Estados Unidos pertenecen a esta categorà ­a. Pueden empezar a trabajar con estudios universitarios medios, lo que equivale a un Associate ´s Degree en USA. Si tienen una licenciatura, (B.S. por sus siglas en inglà ©s)  ganan ms. En todo caso, para trabajar en Estados Unidos, en cualquiera de los 50 estados, Washington D.C.. y todos sus territorios excepto Puerto Rico, es necesario pasar el examen que se conoce como NCLEX-RN. La isla de Puerto Rico sigue su propio sistema de certificacià ³n, pero los profesionales puertorriqueà ±os que desean trabajar en uno de los 50 estados o en los otros territorios de la Unià ³n necesitan pasar dicho examen. En la actualidad, el salario medio anual bruto de una RN a tiempo completo es de $67.930, mientras que para las RN a tiempo parcial el pago medio por hora es de $32.66. California, Hawaii y Massachussets son los estados en los que los salarios son ms altos, superando de media los $90.000 anuales brutos. Por otro lado, en Iowa es donde se obtiene el peor salario, siendo la media de $52.540 brutos anuales para RN a tiempo completo. Por reas, la que comanda los mejores salarios para RN es el rea conformada por San Josà ©-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, en el estado de California, donde el ingreso bruto anual medio es de $122.990. En cuanto a las especialidades que ms ganan dentro de la categorà ­a de RN destacan de anestesias, cuidados crà ­ticos o Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos y tambià ©n las comadronas certificadas. Pero sin duda la especialidad mejor pagada entre las RN es la de enfermerà ­a anestesista registrada y certificada (CRNA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Han concluido estudios de maestrà ­a con especialidad en anestesias y han aprobado un examen de certificacià ³n nacional aunque cada estado puede establecer regulaciones adicionales. Adems, en muchos estados pueden trabajar sin estar bajo la supervisià ³n de un mà ©dico anestesista. Pueden hacer una labor muy similar a estos, pero le resultan ms baratas a los hospitales. Esta es una especialidad conocida por sus altos niveles de estrà ©s y largas horas de trabajo. El salario medio de un profesional CRNA es de $157.000, siendo el punto de entrada $105.000 y siendo el punto ms alto $242.000 anuales brutos. En Estados Unidos, la distribucià ³n entre hombres y mujeres CRNA es prcticamente igual, habiendo un poco ms de varones en total. Es una de las pocas reas en enfermerà ­a donde los hombres son tan numerosos. Salario enfermeras especializadas o Nurse Practitioner (NP) Las enfermeras especializadas, conocidas en inglà ©s como Nurse Practitioner o NP, han completado, como mà ­nimo, estudios de maestrà ­a en esa especialidad. En algunos estados pueden recetar y trabajar independientemente de un mà ©dico. En la actualidad, el salario medio anual bruto es de $91.540 para las NP a tiempo completo. en el supuesto de trabajar a tiempo parcial, el pago medio bruto por hora se sità ºa en $43,97. Las diferencias de sueldo son grande, dependiendo de la especializacià ³n. Las que ms cobran son las especialistas en cuidado de recià ©n nacidos, en psiquiatrà ­a (ARNP, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) y cuidado de ancianos (AGNP, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). En este à ºltimo caso, se prima con ms salario los conocimientos en mbitos mà ©dicos adicionales como diabetes o cuidados paliativos. Por geografà ­a, Alaska, Hawaii y Oregà ³n son los estados con los mejores salarios mientras que por reas, la metropolitana con sueldos ms altos en San Josà ©-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, en California, y en zona no rural el rea oriental del estado de Nuevo Mà ©xico. Por otro lado, los estados donde las NP reciben los salarios ms bajos son Illinois, Virginia Occidental y la ciudad de Washington D.C. Se estima que un total de 105.780 NP ejercen su profesià ³n en la actualidad en Estados Unidos, siendo California, Nueva York, Florida, Texas y Massachusetts los estados con ms trabajo. Visa para trabajar como enfermera/o a Estados Unidos Para trabajar legalmene en Estados Unidos es necesario tener una situacià ³n migratoria que permita hacerlo. Obviamente, los ciudadanos americanos pueden hacerlo, aunque en el caso de profesiones como la enfermerà ­a necesitan convalidar sus estudios si los han obtenido en otro paà ­s. Todos los que no son ciudadanos necesitan uno de estos tres documentos: tarjeta de residencia permanente, siendo vlida la que est sellada en el pasaporte permiso de trabajo,  que se dan en circunstancias muy concretas Visa de trabajo  que debe patrocinar el empleador En ocasiones, los empleadores estadounidenses pueden animarse a patrocinar una visa de trabajo. Las personas interesadas en explorar esta và ­a pueden consultar estas  10 agencias que buscan empresas que patrocinan y acompaà ±an a enfermeras extranjeras en el proceso de validar estudios y aprobar exmenes necesarios para poder trabajar en EU. En el caso de egresados en enfermerà ­a de nacionalidad mexicana siempre es particularmente de interà ©s consultar el enlace anterior ya que para ellos hay habilitado la visa TN para profesionales y la enfermerà ­a est incluida en el listado. Adems, todos los extranjeros sin importar nacionalidad pueden intentar buscar un patrocinador de una visa visas H-1B para profesionales. Si bien hay que tener en cuenta que cada aà ±o fiscal el nà ºmero de solicitudes para este tipo de visa supera al cupo disponible, por lo que se acaba determinando quià ©n gana la visa por loterà ­a. Si bien en este punto es conveniente destacar dos caracterà ­sticas de la visa H-1B. En primer lugar, las instituciones de investigacià ³n y educativas pueden patrocinar estas visas sin là ­mite anual en el nà ºmero. Por lo tanto, si se consigue un patrocinar de esta clase, podrà ­a obtenerse la visa en cualquier momento del aà ±o. En segundo lugar, los chilenos tienen reservado un nà ºmero de visas H-1B que sà ³lo ellos pueden utilizar. Como regla general, la oferta es superior a la demanda por lo que si se obtiene patrocinador y se cumplen todos los requisitos para obtener la visa, no habrà ­a, en principio, el problema de que se acabaron las visas H-1B para el aà ±o presente. Cuando mayor salario no equivale a mayor nivel de vida. El cobrar ms no siempre equivale a que se vive mejor ya que en Estados Unidos se pagan impuestos muchas veces ms altos que en el paà ­s de origen y adems las cosas son ms caras. Por esta razà ³n este  comparativo  salarial de 18 profesiones en 8 paà ­ses teniendo en cuenta diferencias en canasta alimentaria puede resultar de interà ©s para clarificar la situacià ³n. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Emily Stowe essays

Emily Stowe essays Emily Stowe was the first Canadian woman to practice medicine in Canada. She encouraged many other women in Canada to go to school, and to study hard so they could be successful not only in medicine but in careers traditionally dominated by men. Many men put much effort into stopping women from having the career of their choice. Emily grew up in a community that accepted everyone as equals. Therefore giving her the attitude and the motivation to want a career and to fight for the equal right of Canadian women. From being born into a community that accepted women as equals, to being the first female school principal, to opening the world of medicine to women, Emily never stopped trying to make the world a better place for everyone. Emily Howard Jennings was born on May 1, 1831 to the parents of Hannah and Solomon Jennings. Emily was the eldest of six girls. The Jennings lived in a small rural community called Norwich, in Oxford County, which is about one hundred and fifty kilometers southwest of Toronto. It was in this small community that Emily and her sisters grew up and developed the strong beliefs and morals that were to be so important later on in Emily's life. Emily's parents became Methodists, but were originally Quakers. With Emily's parents both being Quakers, it had a very strong influence on Emily, because Quakers firmly believed a proper education was greatly important for everyone, including women. During Emily's childhood, she grew up learning that girls and boys were equally capable to carry out any task. To ensure that Emily and her sisters were to receive a good education, Emily's mother, Hannah Jennings, taught them herself. Emily's great Grandfather even opened Norwich's first schoo l in his own house. So Hannah knew how important a good education was in her family, that is why she decided to teach her children herself. By the age of fifteen, Emily had excelled to such a degree that she was teaching s...

Why srotytelling for brands is important Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why srotytelling for brands is important - Essay Example From this, it follows that a brand story is more than mere content; it goes far beyond it. Overall, a brand story is a narrative that defines the brand itself and presents the strategy of the company. Also, as Bernadette Jiwa puts it, it is a â€Å"complete picture made up of facts, feelings, and interpretations†, which means it is the story created not only by the company itself but by its customers as well. The majority of brands do need brand stories to survive in the marketplace. Today, we live in the world, in which everybody tries to be better, faster, and stronger than others. This also applies to the marketplace where companies usually swim against the stream in the sea of a boundless content. Because of this, a brand story is what a brand needs in order not only to stay afloat but to come in first and be chosen among others. As Mark Di Somma writes in his article, â€Å"Without a storyline, a product just is that†. In fact, a truer word was never spoken. A storyline is needed to help consumers differentiate between what they are offered and choose what they want based not only on the functionality of a product for there are numbers of products, which are only the versions of one and the same thing. These days, any type of media can be chosen to tell a story of a brand, such as print, social networking websites, film, blogs etc. Each of them causes different reactions of t he audience; consequently, stories should be optimized to fit both the medium and the audience. A good example of a company with an effective brand story is Nike. As it is seen from its campaigns, the company does not sell just shoes or clothes. It rather sells attitude. In addition to this, the company creates a community around what they promote and sell. The Lego Story is also a good example of well-created story narrated by animated characters. The video shows the founder as well as the values of the company and its commitment to children. Finally, it is Jack Daniel’s

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Respiratory Syncytial Virus - Essay Example It is also transmitted when an infected person touches their eyes or nose and touches another person or contacting surface. RSV infection can spread within families, and outbreaks have occurred in schools and day care centers. According to Goldrick, "The incubation period for RSV infection is typically four to six days but may be as short as two or as long as eight days; children may shed the virus for two to three weeks" (54). Infection usually results in a mild cough and cold like symptoms as the virus infects the upper respiratory tract. When the infection spreads to the lower respiratory tract, it can result in difficult breathing, wheezing, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Diagnosis is based on observing the symptoms and may be confirmed by isolation and examination of RSV secretions, sputum or throat swabs. "Rapid diagnosis may be made by immunofluorescence techniques, enzyme immunoassays, or rapid chromatographic immunoassays" (Pruitt 63). If a patient tests positive for RSV, it should delay inappropriate antibiotic therapy. Mild infections may resolve without the need for treatment. However, severe infections, especially in children and infants, "may require hospitalization to provide supplemental oxygen, humidified air, and hydration by intravenous fluids" (Goldenring). Nebulised and subcutaneous adrenaline have been effective in improving oxygenation and have shown positive clinical signs as compared to a placebo (Stack 80). However, according to Stack, "There is no convincing evidence to recommend the use of bronchodilators, corticosteroids or antibiotics" (80). Ribavirin, an anti-viral agent, may help prevent ventilation in this group of patients when administered through nebulisation. Breathing an oxygen and helium mixture (helox) may relieve the burden of heavy breathing in the patient (Pruitt 64). The RSV patient should be isolated in a private room and with equipment dedicated to the infected person. To aid in the prevention of the spread of RSV, prevent people who exhibit symptoms of respirato ry infection from "visiting pediatric, immuno-compromised, or cardiac patients" (Pruitt 64). Prognosis RSV infection rarely causes death in infants and young children who seek early treatment. In older children and adults, the symptoms are usually mild and recovery is complete. However, according to Goldenring, "There is evidence suggesting an increased incidence of asthma in children who have developed RSV bronchiolitis". The mechanism is unknown as to whether a predisposition to asthma also presented a predisposition for developing bronchiolitis as a child or if the RSV induced bronchiolitis predisposed the child for asthma (Goldenring). Works Cited Goldenring, John. "Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)." Medical Encyclopedia. 23 Aug. 2005. American Accreditation HealthCare Commission. 8 Apr. 2007 . Goldrick, Barbara A. "Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Children Aren't the Only Ones at Risk." American Journal of Nursing 104.11 (2004): 54-56. EBSCO. 8 Apr. 2007. Pruitt, Bill. "Keeping Respiratory Synctial Virus at Bay." Nursing 35.11 (2005): 62-64. EBSCO. 8 Apr. 2007. Stack, C. G. Essentials of Pediatric Intensive Care. London, GBR: Greenwich Medical Media Limited,

Online Relationships Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Online Relationships - Essay Example In fact, virtual teams have become so important that many companies cannot do well without them because of the fact that some of the most brilliant ideas tend to come from such teams. The heavy reliance of these companies on the virtual teams has come to make them indispensable and because of this, they have come to attract dynamic groups of individuals from all over the world and this has enabled the development of ideas at a grand scale since they are a merger of ideas from diverse cultures. As a result, virtual teams have become essential in the modern economic world and it is most likely that they are here to stay. Working in virtual teams can be said to be a way through which employees of some organizations or institutions are allowed to work away from a centralized workplace, using available information technologies. In such cases, these individual do not have to go to work, and instead, they send and receive whatever assignments they have online, and this ensures that they are able to work from the comfort of their own homes and at their own time. Such working arrangements involve individuals within the virtual team working at a place, which is convenient for them. This may include at home, or at a coffee shop and this trend can be said to have been growing for more than thirty years and it is increasingly becoming popular especially because of the fact that many companies have little office space to spare. Virtual teams have been taken advantage of by many companies because they not only save on office space, but they also allow these companies to get more work done by having more employees without having to create space for them to work. In addition, because of the global availability of the internet, it has become easier to employ individuals from all over the world irrespective of their nationalities or cultural backgrounds. When working within virtual teams, the home might up becoming the workplace of those individuals involved in them and to make i t more of a comfortable working environment, such an individual will always equip with the necessary accessories. Even if the individuals in the team work at the office, on the other hand, it also gives them the ability to be able to collaborate with others on the same field not only in writing but also in the development of projects that come from the different ideas from the various members of the team. Since most of the individuals who work in virtual team can work from anywhere, either in their homes or at their offices, the differences between home and work eventually become blurred, and the privacy, which the home previously provided, is lost. This means that the home is no longer seen to be a refuge from a hard day’s work, but an extension of the workplace and it is possible that such situations may be problematic for some of these individuals because it leads to an increase in work related stress. In addition, the traditional way through which people worked and intera cted at the office is lost, since the close proximity and interpersonal interactions, which could be achieved at the workplace, is lost. Virtual teams encourage the isolation of an individual from any form of social life and this may be detrimental to their mental health. In conclusion, it can be said that virtual teaming is a growing trend

Eddie and Beatrice Essay Example for Free

Eddie and Beatrice Essay During the dance between Catherine and Rodolpho, Marco has a short conversation with Eddie and Beatrice. Eddie becomes jealous when Marco brags how well Rodolpho can cook.  We eat very well on the boat especially when Rodolpho comes along; everybody gets fat.  Eddie outbursts with jealousy towards Rodolpho saying he cant cook, he cant sing and he cant make dresses.  Beatrice and Marco realised that whilst he was saying all of this that Eddie was twisting a newspaper into a tight roll. Eddie then goes on taking pity on himself.  If I could cook, if I could sing, if I could make dresses  As Eddie goes on he gets more and more frustrated and agitated, eventually the newspaper snapped in half. Eddie mentions boxing to Marco. Marco felt uneasy due to the fact he knew Eddie was frustrated. Eddie soon gets to his point across he wants to teach Rodolpho boxing. knowing full well that what he had in mind. Beatrice asked  Whats he got to learn that for?  As she tries to come up with a reason not to teach him boxing.  Eddie begins to teach Rodolpho how to lead with his left hand and to block. After all this Eddie temps Rodolpho to hit him. Come on kid, put sumpm behind it  Rodolpho swings aggressively at Eddies jaw and grazes it. This heats up the tension even more. The audience expects a fight as Eddie should react to the blow. Eddie however does react but pretends that it is an accident but you can see that this is not the case. The effect of Eddies punch on Rodolpho was so fierce that the other characters was totally disgusted by it an knew that it was necessary. Catherine runs to Rodolphos aid and Marco rises and Beatrice tells Eddie,  Thats enough.  The audience might have expected this part of the scene to result in a big fight due to the unnecessary force Eddie used. They were stunned to see Rodolpho smirk and say,  I was only surprised. Marco then challenges Eddie. This was a test of strength in which Eddie does not win.  Marco displays his strength to all of the characters. Marco show off his strength and also warn off Eddie using a glare of warning which quickly reverts to a smile of triumph.  This makes the audience feel sorry for Eddie because Marco was now the superior strength in the Carbone household. The audience were left in the dark as the scene ends with Marco holding a chair above Eddies head. Arthur Miller has created the dramatic scene ending.  The instant difference between the end of Act I and the end of Act II is that at the end of Act I Marco proves his stength.

Challenges to Healthcare Industry Post Brexit

Challenges to Healthcare Industry Post Brexit EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The report will address three challenges in which the health care industry within the UK might have to deal with after the referendum to leave. It will also include the impact of those three challenges within the global staff in the health care industry. These will be done by linking the impact of these challenges to the relevant examples in the global staffing. At first, the report will be described by giving an introduction of the health care industry within the UK where the industry might lose many staffs after Brexit as most of the doctors and nurses in the healthcare industry are from EU. These will be followed by what the report will cover thoroughly. Secondly, analysing and identifying the issues after Brexit will be showed in the report. There will be three challenges in relation to global staffing within the health care industry which are immigration, flexible of labour market and re-expatriation. Furthermore, the challenges will be linked to the impact on global staff by using theories to understand the issues. Lastly, the three challenges will be put together and explained on the main body of the report and given an overall conclusion for health care industry within the UK. INTRODUCTION This report has been prepared to understand what Brexit is and how it has affected the UK since the majority voted out on the referendum held on the 23rd June 2016. The main purpose and objective of this report is to analyse the effectiveness of the recruitment and the selection process within the healthcare industry in the UK where they will be challenged and enforced to change (Smith, 2017). This will correspondingly go in further details on how the Brexit vote affected one of the HR practices staffing within the global talent management in the health care industry. It will mainly address on how it will affect most of the staffs from EU who work for the NHS (Bulman, 2016). The report will also analyse the findings and recommendations of the health care industry by researching through the main health care provider in the UK. Furthermore, the findings will be provided using news, journals and websites which will be compared to the theoretical model of best practices as defined by the CIPD and other researchers and theoretical models. The recommendations will be made after researching and analysing the post referendum stage and the likely outcome of how Brexit will impact in the future. Overall, this report solely attempts to provide a clear understanding of Brexit and how it affected the UKs healthcare industry. THREE CHALLENGES AFTER BREXIT As a result of Brexit, many industries in the UK has been affected, whereas this report will mainly focus on how there has been many challenges for health care industry and how it has an impact on global staffing. This report will be analysed by identifying the three main challenges for the healthcare industry which is immigration, re-expatriation and talent planning. One of the challenge for global staffing is immigration within the health care industry. When the UK was still within the EU, the EUs policies on freedom of movement allowed the healthcare industry in the UK to recruit many workers from throughout the EU where EU citizens could freely move between EU and the UK to work and live. In the healthcare industry, approximately 55,000 workers comes from EU countries (Fenton, 2016). However, due to the impact of Brexit there is an uncertainty that the right to freedom of movement would still apply to the EU citizens (Rankin, 2016). Some of the workers in healthcare industry are in the category of third-country nationals who are on their visa working in the UK. After the Brexit, it is likely that people from third-country nationals would be majorly affected than EU citizens working in the UK. Due to this, the impact on global staff of talent planning in the healthcare industry occurs. There will be lack of staffs due to the immigration issue a nd health care industry should decide on the recruitment methods on whether to buy or make talent. Thoroughly, the health care industry might be at their best to make talent in the short-term. It is better to focus on the internal labour markets for health care industry after Brexit, because this will increase the commitment of staffs in the job and providing them more security so that they will not be afraid of the result of Brexit. During the crisis of Brexit, healthcare industry would still want to keep staff as most of the EU staffs within the industry are doctors and nurses who provides health and care service for the people in the UK. To minimise the negative outcome which will start to affect after the finalization of Brexit, healthcare industry should prepare in advance about managing and retaining staffs. The second challenge that will affect the health care industry would be flexible labour market. This means that firms have greater freedom to hire workers when demand increases, and also to fire them when demand decreases. However, in the case of health care industry there has been a shortage of staff to provide service for people in the UK (Mundasad, 2017). Furthermore, referendum to vote could lead to having more problems than before on hiring staffs in the healthcare industry because many staffs such as doctors and nurses are hired from EU countries (Triggle, 2016). In the UK, there is a points-based system applied on non-EU nationals to work which creates recruiting workers other then EU countries difficult to do so (Landou,2016). If the Brexit is finalised and the EUs freedom of movement removed this could result in healthcare industry having a huge impact on a restriction of recruiting employees therefore leading in having a shortage of staffs. These issues will impact the abil ity of employees to bring in the right skills that is need by the healthcare industry. To overcome this issues, healthcare industry could sent out employees on an international assignment to develop skills and knowledge. The last challenge of healthcare industry after Brexit is re-expatriation where the industry would have to take to consider. The issues about freedom of movement as mentioned above, British citizens who have choose to work or live elsewhere in Europe fears their healthcare and right to remain will disappear post-Brexit (Carroll, 2016). Moreover, UK expats working in the EU could become more difficult if host countries ask them to obey restrictive rules when it comes to permits and setting up businesses. This may lead up to losing their automatic right to work within the EU area and need a permission to stay as a result of new policy after Brexit. As a result of this, the impact on global staffing within the healthcare industry will be affected. Thoroughly, if UK expats living and working in the EU countries are to return to the UK following the post-Brexit, it is possible that it would become more difficult for new expats to find work (Burton, 2016). Moreover, UK expats working and l iving in the EU countries are given free healthcare but could lose right to free healthcare once the Brexit is complete (Parfitt, 2016). Expatriates provides many benefits for industries which includes greater parent control and right set of skills. It is also seen as providing opportunities for personal and professional development and career advancement. With the post-Brexit, the expats are disrupted on performing their roles and tasks resulting in the failure of expatriates. Specifically, re-expatriations have difficulties adapting when they are back to the UK. For example, after the referendum many expats might have to go back to their country resulting in experiencing a reverse culture shock by getting used to working and living in another country they had been sent to work (Skyes, 2011).The healthcare industry will have experienced the loss of cooperation and investment on expats sent to work in other EU country. Overall, re-expatriation is going to be a challenge for healthca re industry after Brexit mainly within staffing managing. Conclusion This report overall aimed to understand how Brexit affected the UK as a whole and the negotiations to solve between the UK and the EU. Three different challenges were identified and analysed orderly for the healthcare industry and finding a way to minimise the risks. The first challenge dealt with immigration and how it impacted the talent planning and the way of making talent within the healthcare industry. In the second challenge, Lastly, the third challenge refers to the re-expatriation where British citizens living in the EU returns back to the UK after the referendum vote to leave that affected their role and tasks. Overall, the healthcare industry should take into consideration of these challenges mentioned above in the report to plan ahead to avoid problems managing global staffing after Brexit. Reference: Fenton, S. (2016). The government has admitted the NHS could struggle without EU staff following Brexit. [online] The Independent. Available at: http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/nhs-could-struggle-post-brexit-without-eu-citizen-staff-department-of-health-officials-admit-a7204551.html [Accessed 4 Feb. 2017]. Carroll, L. (2016). It terrifies me: Britons in Europe on how Brexit is going to affect them. [online] the guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/dec/15/britons-expats-europe-how-brexit-affect-them [Accessed 9 Feb. 2017]. Parfitt, T. (2016). Expats in Spain could LOSE right to free healthcare after Brexit vote, PM says. [online] Express.co.uk. Available at: http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/683708/expats-Brexit-EU-referendum-Spain-Mariano-Rajoy-Jean-Claude-Juncker [Accessed 10 Feb. 2017]. Rankin, J. (2016). Freedom of movement: the wedge that will split Britain from Europe. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/oct/06/freedom-of-movement-eu-uk-brexit-negotiations-theresa-may [Accessed 10 Feb. 2017]. Burton, L. (2016). Brexit: What does it mean for expats, here and in the EU? BBC News. [online] BBC News. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-36606847 [Accessed 12 Feb. 2017]. Skyes, A. (2011). Reverse culture shock: What, when, and how to cope. [online] Expatica.com. Available at: http://www.expatica.com/nl/moving-to/Moving-home-Reverse-culture-shock_104957.html [Accessed 13 Feb. 2017]. Landou, P. (2016). Would Brexit make it harder to hire EU workers?. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/small-business-network/2016/mar/29/would-brexit-make-harder-hire-eu-workers-referendum [Accessed 12 Feb. 2017]. Mundasad, S. (2017). NHS staff shortages: Why so persistent? BBC News. [online] BBC News. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-38640068 [Accessed 13 Feb. 2017]. Triggle, N. (2016). Brexit will make NHS staff shortages worse BBC News. [online] BBC News. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-36664094 [Accessed 13 Feb. 2017].